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SALT LAKE CITY S EVERY STREET IS A BOULEVARD, ONE HUNDRED THIRTY-TWO FEET WIDE, LINED WITH 

ROWS OF TREES AND GREEN PARKING 



SALT LAKE CITY 



AND THE^ 



STATE OF UTAH 




Issued by 

Commercial Club Publicity Bureau, Salt Lake City 

Published by 

Sunset Magazine Homeseekers' Bureau of Information 




HOME OF THE SALT LAKE CITY COMMERCIAL CLUB 



Readers are invited to address the Commercial 
Club Publicity Bureau, Salt Lake City, for information 
about any subject in which they are especially inter- 
ested. TTie Bureau is maintained for the purpose of 
supplying accurate information about Salt Lake City 
and Utah, and all inquiries receive careful, intelligent 
attention. No charge is made for information supplied 
by the Bureau. 



■O 



Here's no refrain of siren strain 

To lure your wealth avv^ay; 

No fairy flight of fancy light 

To while away a day; 

No story old of fleece of gold 

Aw^aiting hero's call ; 

No fable gay; no airy lay; 

Some simple facts — that's all. 



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ALT LAKE CITY and Utah are good places to visit and good places in 
which to live. They have been called peculiar. They are peculiar in this, 
that their people combine contentment with the courage, optimism and 
progressiveness that have created the great West; with the spirit that has 
wrung millions from the granite hills, made homes in the wilderness, built 
great cities and turned the deserts into gardens. 

Their people are content because they find here the opportunities for true happiness 
in fruitful avenues for investment and labor; because they live in an unsurpassed 
climate, amid beautiful surroundings, high-class citizenship, superior educational 
advantages and unequaled fields for recreation and enjoyment. They are busy, happy 
and sensible. 

Utah is not a boom community. It is enterprising, progressive and developing 
rapidly, but its development has been and is along the same lines that appeal to the one 
seeking safe investment or a most desirable place in which to make a home. It seeks 
to attract only investors looking for legitimate and permanent fields in which to employ 
their means, and homeseekers who wish to become part of a progressive, moral com- 
mimity and to contribute their share to the upbuilding of a great commonwealth. 

Salt Lake City's commanding geographical location makes it the natural industrial, 
financial and transportation center of the inland West. It is the capital of a great state, 
which in itself is an empire so rich in opportunities and resources that, bounteous though 
the yield in the past has been, the possibilities have scarcely been indicated. Here are 
hundreds of thousands of acres of land of proved fertility, only a small part of which 
has been brought under cultivation; minerals, the known extent and value of which 
increase day by day; natural conditions which make manufacturing possible and 
profitable; and a climate which has awakened the enthusiasm of all who have experi- 
enced it since one of the first white visitors wrote in 1776 his eloquent tribute to the "balmy 
air" of Utah. 

The products of Utah's soil range from cotton to barley, from figs to apples; its 
commercial minerals from coal to gold. Its matchless inland sea gives to a large portion 
of the state the saline atmosphere of the seacoast, mingled with the dry, bracing breezes 
of the mountains. Its uplands have scenery rivaling the Alps. Its mountain streams 
have latent power a hundredfold in excess of that now utilized. 

What Utah needs most to bring its great resources to their full development is 
people; people like those it has now — good, honest, industrious, progressive, intelligent 
people. We do not care whence 
they come or what their pre- 
vious condition has been, for 
Utah is of the West and the West 
does not ask a man who he is 
and what he has done, but what 
he is and what he can do. 

This book is designed to tell 
such people something about 
Utah and its capital city; what 
they are and what they promise 
to become. The statements 
made in it will stand investi- 
gation. In fact, if the book 
leads to an intelligent investi- 
gation of this region it will 
have accomplished its mission. 




PACKARD FREE LIBRARY, SALT LAKE CITY 




MOUNTAIN SOURCES OF SALT LAKE CITY's WATER SUPPLY 




R. KLETTING, ARCHITECT 



UTAH S CAPITOL, NOW IN COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION 



THE CITY AND ITS SURROUNDINGS 

Salt Lake City is in a nook, or elbow, on the western slope of the Wasatch moun- 
tains, while the semi-distant peaks of the Oquirrh range are to the west and south. 
The Jordan river passes through the western part of the city on its way from Utah Lake 
to Great Salt Lake. \ Numerous snow-fed streams of pure water find their way 
through the valley to the river and lake from magnificent mountain gorges, giving a 
water supply unequaled for purity and sufficient in quantity to supply many times the 
present population. Hot springs of mineral water, superior to many of the noted 
medicinal waters of Europe, are in the northern part of the city. 

Almost within sight from the streets of the city are mountain dells of rare beauty 
and attractive summer resorts beside mountain lakes that for beauty rival any spot 
between the seas. One may have in the Salt Lake valley the unique experience of visiting 
banks of perpetual snow, gathering fruit and flowers and taking a "salt water bath," 
all within the space of a few hours. The bases of the mountains touch the fertile valley 
on one side and Great Salt Lake on the other. No other spot is able to offer the salt 
air of the ocean, the refreshing breezes of the mountains and the matchless dry atmos- 
phere which makes the West famous. 

Nature has aided man in making Salt Lake City one of the most beautiful in all the 
world. Overlooking a great valley, with the shimmering water of the inland sea at its 
feet, no better spot on which to build a city could have been found in all the West. 
From the University campus, on a bench several hundred feet higher than the business 
portion of the city, one has a view the beauty of which will cling to him as long as memory 
lasts. At his feet are the broad, tree-lined streets of -the city, with neat and attractive 
homes. Here and there a great mansion or a lofty steeple towers above the foliage. 
Further on are stately office buildings, with the magnificent City and County building 
in the midst of a beautiful park to the south and the world-famous JM^rmon Temple 
on the north. Across the valley, beyond the emerald stretches of field, stand the Oquirrh 
mountains, in their enveloping blue haze. To the east are the richly colored slopes of the 
Wasatch and beyond are great mountain peaks, many of them more than ten thousand 
feet above sea level, wearing their caps of snow. To the west, flashing in the sunlight 




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WALKER BANK BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY 

washed daily, so that no dust offends. 



like a mighty gem, is Great Salt Lake, 
more than eight times larger than the 
Dead Sea of Palestine and with water so 
dense that the human body cannot sink 
in it. Many islands, which are the tops 
of submerged mountains, project above 
its surface and the water is clear and 
sparkling. The sunsets across the lake 
are most beautiful and have been the 
inspiration of some of the gems of 
America's greatest artists. 

A ride through the city does not 
dispel the impression gained on the 
heights above. The streets are broad 
and well kept, many of them paved 
their entire length. An abundant water 
supply makes it possible to keep the sur- 
roundings of all dwellings green and 
masses of tlowers greet the eye. Roses 
bloom in Salt Lake City from June 
until November. Many of the streets in 
the residence portions are parked on the 
sides or in the middle and all are shaded 
by magnificent trees. 

The business portion of the city is 
paved throughout and the streets are 
Streams of mountain water flow in the 
gutters on both sides of the street. Splendid buildings, one of them the tallest business 
structure between the Missouri river and the Pacific Coast, are on the principal streets 
and between them are well kept business blocks with attractive shop windows. 

This is the city itself. But Salt Lake City is only part of the glory of the region. 
It is the natural center from which one goes to visit some of the choicest parts of the 
continent. It is here that the tourist should come on his way to visit the Yellowstone 
National Park, the world's wonderland. In the rugged stretches of San Juan county, 
Utah, he will find another wonderland, containing the world's greatest natural bridges, 
one of which has an arch so high that the greatest ship that ever sailed the seas could 
pass beneath it without dipping the pennant on its topmast. Here also the tourist would 
find the relics of the ClifJ Dwellers, who passed from the earth centuries ago, and he 
might employ himself trying to trace their unknown history from the hieroglyphics and 
utensils left behind. On his 
return journey he could visit 
the Book Cliffs, where the storms 
of ages have carved from the 
sandstone temples, minarets, 
castles and palaces so weird and 
grotesque as to defy description. 
And in the near future, 
when the projected railroad has 
been built to the Grand Canyon 
of the Colorado, it will be from 
Salt Lake City that the traveler 
will set out to visit this, the most 
wonderful chasm in the world, 
passing en route through fertile 
valleys, majestic mountains and 
wide stretches of upland. federal building, salt lake city 





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CHILDREN S PLAYGROUND, SALT LAKE CITY 



CHARACTER OF CITIZENSHIP 

Salt Lake City has an interesting history. Its pioneer residents labored with unusual 
difficulties in its earlier years. Remote from other civilized communities and almost 
without means of communication with them, the pioneers were compelled to create for 
themselves the advantages their location did not provide. Thus were developed build- 
ers, artists, doctors, nurses, actors, musicians, at the command of necessity. The 
existence of the people required that they wring sustenance from the soil, which would 
not yield it by natural means; hence, irrigation was practiced from the first by the 
pioneers in Salt Lake City. 

Regardless of the social and religious conditions that existed in the earlier years, 
which have no place in this article, no one familiar with the early history of the city can 
fail to appreciate and admire the sturdy heroism of the men and women who laid the 
foundations of the present city under adverse physical conditions probably without a 
parallel in the history of the American frontier. 

The descend en ts of the pioneers, who constitute part of the population of the city 
today, retain the self-reliant spirit of their ancestors. Associated with them in making 
up the citizenship are other progressive people from all portions of the LTnited States and 
from foreign countries. It is a cosmopolitan population, persons of northern European 
birth or descent predominating. The non-Caucasian races have very small representa- 
tion in the city and state, and Salt Lake City has no "foreign quarter." 

The city's population is stable. Most persons who come here seeking a new home 
like the place and stay. The striking feature of residence property improvement, which 
always causes comment from visitors, is due to the fact that an unusually large proportion 
of the citizens own their homes and take a natural pride in making them as attractive 
as possible. 




SALT LAKK CITY APARTMKNT BUILDINGS 



SCHOOLS, CHURCHES AND CLUBS 

The city is the natural educational, social and religious center of the intermountain 
West. The state of Utah has the smallest percentage of illiteracy of any state in the 
Union, according to P. P. Claxton, United States Commissioner of Education. Salt 
Lake City clubs and club buildings are among the best in the country and the city'^ 
religious structures in number, cost and beauty probably surpass those of any other city 
of similar size in the world. 

There are thirty-six grammar schools in the city. Annual salaries of public school 
teachers of the city amount to $550,000. The physical property of the city's pul)hc 
schools is valued at $2,500,000, and the yearly per capita cost for pupils is shghtly more 
than $38. The High School course covers four years. The High School offers technical 
training in mechanical arts, a new building for this purpose having been added in the last 
year at a cost of more than $100,000. A new High School building, costing $700,000, is 
now in course of construction and will surpass any building for similar purposes between 
Chicago and the Pacific Coast. 

The University of Utah is at the head of the state's school system, and ranks high 
among western educational institutions. In addition to the usual university courses, it 
has a School of Mines and courses in law and medicine. The School of Mines has the 
unusual advantage of being in the heart of the country's greatest metal mining area and 
it is one of the most popular mining schools in the country. The University attracts 
pupils from all over the West. Its present enrollment is close to 1,500. 

The State Agricultural College, supported jointly by the state and the national 
government, is at Logan. It maintains several experiment stations, in addition to 
practical courses in agriculture and allied sciences. These experiment stations are of 
the highest practical value to the agricultural and live stock interests of the state, as 




TEMPLE SQUARE, SALT LAKE CITY 

problems are worked out by the experts of the college and results furnished free of charge 
to citizens. 

There are several fine private and sectarian schools in Salt Lake City. The Latter 
Day Saints University, Westminster College and All Hallows College are among them. 
Rowland Hall and St. Mary's Academy are noted as fine institutions for the higher 
education of girls. 

The Telluride Power Company maintains a unique technical school. Tuition is 
free to employes of the company, the object being partly philanthropic and partly to 
give the company highly trained electrical employes. Graduates of this school are now 
holding some of the most responsible engineering positions in the United States and 
Canada. 

There are seventy-two church buildings in Salt Lake City. Prominent among 
them are the Catholic cathedral, the First Presbyterian church, the famous Mormon 
Temple and Tabernacle and many other splendid religious edifices. Almost every 
religious denomination is represented, including the Adventist, Baptist, Catholic, 
Christian, Congregational, Episcopal, Greek, Hebrew, Latter Day Saints, Lutheran, 
Methodist, Presbyterian, Reorganized, Scientist and Unitarian, besides several other 
organizations which maintain missions and church activities. 

Among the handsome club buildings of the city are those of the Commercial club, 
Alta club. University club, Elks' club, Y. M. C. A. and the Ladies' Literary club. There 
are several women's clubs and many fraternal organizations to add to the social life of 
the city. There are more halls designed for amusement and social purposes than in 
any other city of the country, population considered. 

The city's public charities and organized institutions for the relief of the unfortunate 
are so efficient that there is practically no destitution and general moral conditions are 
unusually good. 



11 




A HEALTH RESORT 

Many things combine to make Salt 
Lake City a health resort. In common 
with the territory contributory to it, it 
enjoys the dry, bracing atmosphere of 
the arid West. Its chmate, subject to 
changes of temperature, is known to 
meteorological science as "continental 
climate," having four seasons well 
marked, and a temperature known as 
"sensible temperature" throughout the 
year. 

According to the observations of 
the local weather bureau, covering a 
period of 35 years, the spring tempera- 
ture averages from 41.4 to 58.3 degrees 
Fahrenheit, the summer from 68.3 to 
75.5, the autumn from 65.1 to 41.4, 
while the winter is from 28.8 to 32.9. 
Although zero weather is sometimes 
recorded, it is a rare occurrence, and 
summer temperature seldom passes go 
degrees Fahrenheit. The dryness of the 
atmosphere, coupled with the alternat- 
ing lake and canyon breezes, maintain the "sensible temperature" in summer, and 
the lake, with the shelter of the mountains, performs a hke service in keeping it up 
during the winter. Spring and autumn are most delightful. The altitude, the average 
being 4,360 feet above sea level, is conducive to health, and coughs and colds of a 
severe nature are rare. It is said by eminent physicians that the combination of 
mountain and salt-laden air renders the city almost immune from lung troubles. 
The atmosphere seems soothing to the lungs, its tendency being to add vigor to all 
parts of the body. 

The city is the center of several medicinal springs, some of which are within its 
limits, that have a wonderful curative effect and salt baths in Great Salt Lake make 
the city a desirable health resort. Many health-seekers now come to Salt Lake City 
to take advantage of these medicinal baths. 

Salt Lake City has four fine public hospitals and numerous private institutions, all 
equipped with the most up-to-date apphances and apparatus and attended by skillful 
physicians and surgeons. 



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KEARNS BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY 



ART AND MUSIC 

There is an inspiration in 
the mountains that always ap- 
peals to the artistic nature of 
man. Vast ranges, stretching 
away to interminable distance 
until their misty outlines are 
lost in the haze; high-walled 
canyons, down which the stream- 
lets flash, or are dashed to spray 
from precipitous heights; upland 
lakes that retlect inverted images 
of the splendor of the crags and 
the blue sky; sequestered, flower- 




MASONIC TKMPLK, SALT LAKK CITY 



12 




DRIVEWAY AT FORT DOUGLAS, NEAR SALT LAKE CITY 

strewn dells, nestling at the bases of snow-capped peaks, ever have and ever will tempt 
the brush of the artist to reproduce their beauty. Add to these the desert, with its 
weirdness of form and outline, studded with the fantastic creations of the winds of 
centuries, with a witchery of color unknown in other lands, and you have enough to 
call into life all that is latent in the artistic temperament; art creations follow as 
naturally as night follows day. 

The inspiring scenery of the mountains and plains around Salt Lake City has 
produced works of art which are the peers of any created in modern days and, as an 
appreciation' of art must be present to keep it in life, the metropolis of the mountains 
has drawn to it all that is best in the art of the country and has become the center of the 
art life and the art creation of the West. 

The state government nas lent its patronage to art in the creation of an art institute, 
where the best works of the artist are exhibited. It has also, by purchase, begun an art 
collection, known as "The Alice Collection," which is not only of great merit but is 
unique of its kind, as it belongs all to the people. This has had its effect in increasing 
the appreciation of art, as well as creating the desire to possess, which has given support 
to those who follow art as a profession. 

There are many Salt Lake artists whose fame has become national and whose work 
compares with that of any on the continent, both in brush and chisel, and many who 
drank in the inspiration of the mountains and left for wider fields in which to follow their 
calling. All of these find deep appreciation at home, as in other places where they 
chance to cast their lot. 

The schools of the city, with the University at their head, have placed art in their 
curriculum and its growth among the people has become marked and general. 

This artistic tendency has passed beyond the bounds of local creation and many 
collections made by wealthy citizens contain specimens of the almost priceless works of 
the old masters as well as some of the best works of the modern schools. These rival 
the best collections in the land, easily leading anything of the character in the West. 
Many of these collections are thrown open to the public at stated periods and have their 
effect in bringing about a general artistic uplift. 

Salt Lake City has long led the entire West in music. A reason for this is the 
presence of one of the greatest musical organizations on the continent, the famous 
Tabernacle choir of five hundred picked voices, and the Tabernacle organ, which is 



13 




SOME OF SALT LAKE CITY'S CHURCHES 



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PAVILION AT SALTAIR BEACH 

one of the largest instruments in the world. The daily organ recitals given at the 
Tabernacle have become known throughout the civilized world and are enjoyed by 
thousands of visitors every year, besides aiding in advancing all that is best in music 
among the rank and file of the people at home. The recitals are given without charge. 
Both in art and music, the city has produced men and women of more than local 
reputation. Besides these, there are many composers and artists, scarcely lesser in 
degree of talent, who either reside in the city or have caught their inspiration in the 
artistic and musical atmosphere that pervades it. 

AMUSEMENTS 

The founders of Salt Lake City took into consideration the remoteness of its situa- 
tion at the time they reached the valley and, with foresight and wisdom, set about to 
provide amusement for the people. One of the first public buildings of the city was 
an amusement hall, to be followed later by a theater which still stands after fifty years 
and ranks with the most commodious of the country at the present time. Great figures 
in the amusement world were attracted by the offer of rich rewards and came from the 
East. Even before the city was connected by rail with the outside world. Salt Lake City 
was established as an amusement center. The center, created then, remains today, 
keeping pace with the city's development in a business way. 

The progress from the little amusement hall of the early days to five large theaters 
of the first class and twelve others, with a total seating capacity of more than eight 
thousand, shows the development of the city along amusement lines. 

Some of the leading figures on the American stage own Salt Lake City as their home 
and many laid the foundations of their success here. 

The city is prominent in an amusement way along lines other than theatrical. 
Several summer resorts near the city rival those of cities four or five times greater than 
Salt Lake City in population. Best known of these is Saltair, the great bathing resort 
on the lake, connected with the city by a railroad soon to be electrified and by a splendid 
automobile highway. The pavilion at Saltair has one of the largest unobstructed dancing 
floors in the world. As many as 20,000 persons have visited the resort in a single day. 

Lagoon, north of the city, and Wandamere, just at the southern edge of the city, are 
popular resorts. In addition to these, there are several fine public parks in the city and 
nearby mountain resorts patronized by persons from all over the intermountain country 
as well as by residents of Salt Lake City. 

The city is active and prominent in athletics and clean sport finds ready and 
constant patronage. 



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SALT LAKE CITv's EDUCATIOXAL ADVANTAGES ARE EXCELLENT. 



SOME OF THE SCHOOL BUILDINGS 




VIEW O.V EAST SOUTH TEMPLE STREET, SALT LAKE CITY 

FORT DOUGLAS 

Fort Douglas, now a regimental post, is three miles east of the city on a bench 
overlooking the valley. The fort was rebuilt recently and it is hoped that it will soon 
be made a brigade post. Conditions favor this, as the location is strategic, the water 
supply ample for 5,000 men and the post reservation, containing 10,000 acres, is well 
suited to army maneuvers. The post is well improved, with broad, shady avenues, 
and is frequently visited by residents of Salt Lake City as well as others who desire to 
enjoy the splendid view of the valley which may be had from the fort. 

GROWTH AND IMPROVEMENT 

The growth of Salt Lake City has been in proportion to the growth of the country 
surrounding it. The United States census of 1900 gave the city a population of 53,531 
and that of 1910 placed it at 92,777, an average yearly increase of 4,000 in the decade. 
The improvements made in these ten years will give an idea of the development of the 
city and, as the development is being maintained, will indicate what may reasonably be 
expected in the future. 

There has been no boom in this period. The growth has been caused by the 
development of the surrounding country and an increasing knowledge of the city's 
desirability as a place of residence. More land was reclaimed in this decade in Utah 
and southern Idaho than in any previous decade, and this had a direct bearing on the 
population of the region's metropolis. It was also the greatest decade in private and 
public improvement in the city itself. The character of the city practically changed; 
old buildings which had served their purpose were removed and replaced by new ones. 
Street and park improvements were made at an ever increasing rate. It was an era of 
hotel building. With the new Hotel Utah completed, another great hotel under con- 
struction and with many other new but less pretentious hotels, the city is well equipped 
to handle any convention that may come as well as the regular transient trafl&c. 

Mercantile institutions quickly felt the trade expansion and met it with enlarged 
quarters and increased facilities, the result being the construction of many splendid 
business buildings. The business district expanded until now much territory that was 
residence property only a few years ago is exclusively business property, and the whole 
city has assumed a decidedly metropolitan aspect. 



17 




CITY AND COUNTY BUILDING, SALT LAKE CITY, A NOTABLE PUBLIC STRUCTURE 

TRADE AND TERRITORY 

Draw a circle with a radius of three hundred miles and Salt Lake City as the center 
and you will have the territory naturally tributary to the city. This circle will take 
in all of Utah, most of Idaho, the eastern portion of Nevada, the northern portion of 
Arizona the western portion of Colorado and the western portion of Wyoming. Now, 
consider that this area is equal to that of the British Isles and Germany combined, one- 
third larger than all Scandinavia and equal to the combined area of the New England 
states and the other Atlantic seaboard states north of South Carolina. 




LAKE AT WANDAMERE, A POPULAR SALT LAKE CITY RESORT 



18 




SALT LAKE CITY HAS MANY FINE CLUB BUILDINGS 



Although much of this territory is taken up with mountain ranges, it contains 
60,000,000 acres of tillable land. Of this land 2,000,000 acres are either under irrigation 
or capable of being irrigated. 

The agricultural products of this area are the most varied on the American continent. 
The upland stretches not susceptible to cultivation contain immense grazing districts 
supporting hundreds of thousands of cattle, sheep and horses and great forests of pine, 
spruce, cedar and other useful timber. Almost every known mineral is found in quantity 
in this territory. It contains deposits of practically all the known hydrocarbons. Its 
coal measures are so vast that, if the present rate of taking up these lands should continue, 
it would be five hundred years before the last filing was made. The United States 
Geological Survey estimates that one county in the state of Utah contains a coal tonnage 
equal to the total coal tonnage of the state of Pennsylvania and another county has the 
greatest known deposit of iron. 

Topography, distance and transportation facilities make Salt Lake City the natural 
center of all this territory, an advantage it will always have. 

Railroad lines radiate from the city in every direction and more lines are to be 
completed in the near future. The railroad tonnage out of the city in 1911 was 656,- 
400,000 pounds, not including the business handled through the city from other points 
for local delivery. 

The city's trade for 191 1 in mining machinery and supplies alone is estimated at 
$7,500,000, one firm of several having headquarters here supplying $1,740,000. The 
distributing houses handling agricultural implements and vehicles report an outside 
business for the year of $3,500,000. This trade is increasing rapidly, due to the agri- 
cultural development of the surrounding region. One saddlery firm made sales to 
outside points in 191 1 of $500,000. Three houses report a jobbing trade in shelf and 
building hardware of $5,500,000. One firm made outside sales in sporting goods of 



19 



$500,000, the total for the city being estimated at $1,500,000. The dry goods and 
grocery trade for igii reached a total of $15,000,000, one firm alone handling $4,000,000. 
Another firm reports an outside jobbing trade in these lines of $2,500,000. These figures 
do not take in the goods sold by outside firms maintaining agencies in the city and using 
this as a distributing center. In bottled goods, sixty per cent of which was manufactured 
in the city, the outside trade amounted to more than $2,000,000. In other manu- 
factured articles, the outside trade was estimated at $5,000,000. Add to this the esti- 
mated value of animals and agricultural products, flour and other commodities not 
mentioned previously, and a grand total of more than $60,000,000 is reached. 

With the population increasing rapidly; with the completion of many great irrigation 
projects now under way and intensive agriculture becoming more prevalent; with the 
assurance of success for "dry farming" by scientific methods, it must follow that the next 
decade will witness an enormous increase in this trade. When it is considered that the 
territory is capable of supporting twenty times the population it now has without "crowd- 
ing," it is easy to see that the city is firmly established as a distributing center and that 
its growth must be rapid and sure. 

AGRICULTURE OF REGION 

The soils of Utah and adjoining states are most fertile. They vary in depth, but 
average between ten feet and twenty feet. As the rainfall of the region is not sufficient 
to drain through the soil, its fertihty has been conserved for ages, making the subsoil 
as rich as the surface in all the elements of plant food, thus providing a reserve fertihty 
that renders it practically inexhaustible. 

The crops these soils are capable of producing are diversified by the cUmatic con- 
ditions of the different localities, ranging from cotton in southern Utah to the hardier 
grains and grasses in the north and from semi-tropical fruits in the sheltered valleys to 
the fruits of the north temperate zone. In all locaHties fruits, grains and forage plants 
grow to best advantage where local conditions are studied l^y the husbandman and the 
proper methods of culture employed. The soils lack nothing except moisture. This is 
supplied, either by irrigation or by scientific methods of moisture conservation, com- 
monly known as "dry farming." 

The territory tributary to Salt Lake City contains 90,000,000 acres adapted to graz- 
ing, of which sHghtly more than one-third is in forest reserves and subject to Government 
supervision. The estimated value of range animals grazing on these lands at the begin- 
ning of 191 2 was, according to figures suppHed by the Department of Agriculture, 
$105,000,000. The raising of farm animals is becoming a profitable industry, as all 
forage plants grow to great excellence in the deep, fertile soil of the country and climatic 
conditions over most of the territory render unnecessary heavy winter feeding. 




TWELFTH EAST STREET, SALT LAKE CITY, SHOWING PLAN OF PARKING ON RESIDENCE STREETS 



20 




FOUR OF SALT LAKE S HOSPITALS 



Of the two great divisions of land culture, 3,500,000 acres are farmed by irrigation, 
and about 500,000 acres by dry farming. The amount that may be irrigated is limited 
only by the water supply available. It will be increased by improved methods of farming 
and the utilization of water that has heretofore been wasted through over-irrigation. 
Water from artesian wells has come into extensive use in recent years. Prospecting is 
constantly under way for the further development of these underground sources of supply 
and has demonstrated that a great portion of the desert lands are underlaid with water 
that may be made available for irrigation. 

The future of dry farming in Utah is assured. Figures prepared by the office of 
the state statistician show that three-sevenths of the wheat of the state of Utah is pro- 
duced by this method of cultivation. This proportion is probably too great to apply 
to the rest of the territory surrounding Salt Lake City, but with the development of 
drought-resisting grains and grasses and greater knowledge along the lines of moisture 
conservation, there is every reason to believe that most of the area designated as agri- 
cultural lands will be brought under successful cultivation. 

A few figures for less than one-tenth of this area may be interesting. The territory 
produced in grains and seeds, including sugar beets, a yield valued as about $60,000,000 
in igii. The hay crop in the same year reached a value of $20,000,000. The orchards 
produced $4,000,000, and this does not include the small fruits. 

The fruit industry of Utah is increasing rapidly, almost a million trees having been 
set out in 1912. Dairy products for Utah in 1909 and 1910, the latest authentic figures 
available, reached a value of $5,000,000. Estimates place the value in 191 2 at a million 
more. It is safe to say that a valuation of $10,000,000 for dairy products in the entire 
territory would not be high. The sheep of the territory produced 90,000,000 pounds of 
wool. Exact figures on meat products are not available, but a conservative estimate is 
$10,000,000. 



21 




STOCK AND MINING EXCHANGE, SALT LAKE CITY 



MINING AND SMELTING 

If all the agricultural lands 
contributary to Salt Lake City 
and all the surrounding live 
stock ranges were unproductive, 
the city would still be a most 
important center on account of 
the great mining country that 
surrounds it and the enormous 
traffic due to its smelting in- 
dustry. 

With the greater portion of 
its mining territory undeveloped 
the mines of the region produced 
gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc 
ores to the value of more than 
$87,500,000 in 19 1 1 and the 
entire value of its mineral pro- 
duction, including coal and other hydrocarbons, amounted to $103,500,000. The 
state of Utah, according to government reports, contributed $40,460,000 of this. 

The tonnage of precious and semi-precious ores amounted to 11, 850, 000 for 191 1, an 
increase of more than 2,000,000 tons over the year 1910. Copper furnished the largest 
item with an output of 196,556,000 pounds of refined copper, of which Utah contributed 
125,185,000 pounds. 

Almost within sight of the city is the mining camp of Bingham, home of the world's 
greatest copper mine, the Utah Copper, and many other heavy producers. The Utah 
Copper mine's output for 191 1 was 90,000,000 pounds of refined copper. 

Park City, about thirty miles east of Salt Lake City, is one of the greatest silver-lead 
mining camps of the country. Here are located many mines, almost any one of which 
would make a district famous. The noted old Ontario mine, which has paid $13,932,500 
in dividends, holds the record for the district, with the Silver King second, and almost 
as great. 

The camp of Alta, a little south of Park City, has a long list of producers to its 
credit and is still making mining history, while Tintic, to the south of Salt Lake City, 
is annually pouring out millions in metallic wealth. 

Within a hundred miles of Salt Lake City are mines that have paid $8,973,000 in 
dividends in the last year. 

The mines of southern and 
eastern Nevada have been devel- 
oped almost exclusively from 
Salt Lake City and Salt Lake 
City's development field extends 
over into California and down 
into Arizona. From Pioche on 
the south to Tonopah, in Raw- 
hide, Seven Troughs, Yerington 
and a dozen other well-known 
Nevada camps, almost all the 
companies holding the big pro- 
ducers have their homes in Salt 
Lake City and many of the 
mines were discovered by Utah 
prospectors. The same may be 
said of many of the mines of 
Idaho. KEARNS ST. Ann's orphanage, salt lake citv 




22 




THE GROWING OF ALFALFA IS ONE OF UTAH'S IMPORTANT INDUSTRIES 



The iron deposits of the state may be said to be wholly undeveloped. Much of the 
iron land is held by the Government and is not yet surveyed. Iron county, Utah, alone 
has the greatest deposits of iron ore known in a similar area of the United States, the 
potential tonnage running into the billions of tons. There are other deposits that almost 
equal those of Iron county, many of them lying distant from the railroads, but containing 
iron sufficient to supply the world for centuries. 

Salt Lake City is surrounded by vast coal measures. According to estimates made 
by the officers of the Geological Survey of the United States, there are more than 33,000 
square miles of coal lands in the territory contributary to the city, the total tonnage of 
which is estimated at more than 300,000,000,000 tons. These figures are staggering, as, 
at the present rate of consumption, this amount would be sufficient to supply the entire 
country for almost 1,400 years. 

Only a small portion of these fields has been developed, but the value of the 
coal output in 191 1 was $15,000,000. Many 
of these deposits are so pure chemically that 
they are the equal of any other coal on the 
continent for the manufacture of iron and 
steel products. 

Almost all the deposits of hydrocarbons 
in the region, except coal and petroleum, 
lie in eastern Utah. They include gilso- 
nite, tabbyite, ozokerite, lusterite, elaterite, 
rock asphalt and kindred minerals. Great 
deposits of sand and lime asphaltum are 
found in the same locality, few of which 
have been developed. The known petroleum 
territory amounts to 10,000 square miles. 
These deposits have been developed only 
sufficiently to prove their oil-bearing char- 
acter, as they are at present comparatively 
remote from fines of transportation. 

Salt leads the non-metallic deposits. The 
Great Salt Lake is itself a mine of wealth 
in salt. It has been estimated that the 
mineral wealth contained in the waters of 
the lake, if extracted (and the process of -■•..- ^, .. . 

extraction is very simple) and marketed at a young jewish colonist on his utah farm 




23 




••*-•- 




'^^■•llHii. 



THE WORLD S G 

The Utah Copper Mine is at Bingham, about thirty miles from Salt Lake City. The ore is loaded by means of steam shovels, twenty-two c 
shows the "terrace" process by which the mountain is being removed. A railroad track occupies each terrace, being moved from time to 
directly from this mine. The ore, after having been placed on railroad cars by the steam shovels, is hauled across the mountains at the rigt 



prevailing prices, would be sufficient to pay the national debt and the expenses of the 
Government for a hundred years besides. The great salt beds of western Utah, too, 
might add their apparently inexhaustible quota to the supply from the lake, forming 
a resource capable of producing unlimited wealth. On the islands of Great Salt Lake 
are great deposits of guano, while gypsum is found all over the territory. 

There are many deposits of kaolin, or china clay, in Utah. One vast deposit near 
Salt Lake City is more nearly chemically pure than that of Sevres, France, and is capable 
of producing a tonnage greater than all the mines of France combined. Pure silica 
sands are plentiful in the region around the city and are capable of being manufactured 
into the finest grades of glass. 

In building stone, the range is from high-grade sandstone to onyx and marble, 
and sapphires, opals and other gems have also been found. 

The smelting industry in the immediate vicinity of Salt Lake City has had a great 
and steady growth. From the small silver lead plants in the valley, costing less than 
$500,000, the industry has grown in fifteen years to six great plants which, with their 
reduction plants, represent an 
investment of more than $20,- 
000,000. These plants are those 
of the American Smelting & 
Refining Company at Murray 
and Garfield, of the Interna- 
tional Company at Tooele, of 
the United States Company af 
Midvale and of the Utah Con- 
solidated Company and the 
Yampa Company at Bingham. 
Other smelting plants of thr 
state are the Independent al 
Ogden and the Knight at Silver 
City. The total capacity of the 
smelters is 20,000 tons daily. 




VIEW OF SALT LAKE CITY S BUSINESS Dl 




T COPPKR MINE 

are operated simultaneously. The picture, taken when no shift was at work so that the smoke of the blasting would not obscure the view, 
the work progresses. The operations here have been compared with those on the Panama Canal. Ten thousand men gain their livelihood 
picture to the reduction plants at Garfield, a few miles distant. The mine sent 12,824 tons of ore to the reduction plants each day of 1911 



Bingham is first in tonnage handled, owing to the great deposits of low-grade ore. 
The annual tonnage of copper ore at that camp is 5,500,000 out of a total of about 7,000,- 
000 treated in the state. 

The Salt Lake smelters lead all others in efficiency and in the saving of the metallic 
values of the ores treated. In the newest plant, that of the International Smelting & 
Refining Company at Tooele, there is no improvement in the smelting of ores that has 
been overlooked and it is regarded as a model plant. 

The local smelters treat all the Utah ores and, in addition, draw heavily from 
adjoining states. The presence of competing plants has broadened the ore market of 
the state until it leads all others. This, with the fact that deep mining in Utah has led 
to the almost exclusive production of sulphide ores, calling for a tonnage of carbonate 
ores for rlux, has led to the opening of mining fields that never before had been drawn 
upon to any considerable extent. As a result of this condition, ores have been shipped 
to the Salt Lake smelters from all over the mountain region. 

The metallic output of the Salt Lake smelters for the past year was: 

Gold, 227,856 fine ounces; 
value $4,709,747. 

Silver, 12,679,632 fine ounces; 
value $6,973,000. 

Copper, 140,293,198 pounds; 
value $17,696,155. 

Lead, 136,496,750 pounds; 
value $6,142,353. 

Zinc, 11,456,973 pounds; 
value $798,456. 

This makes a total valuation 
for 1911 of $36,319,711. 

The reduction plants are oper- 
ated in connection with the 
smelters of the state. Two of 
these plants, operated by the 




SHOWING SOME Of THE NEW BUILDINGS 



25 




A IKW Oi' SALT LAKE CITY S BEAUTIFUL HOMES 



Utah Copper Company at Garfield, treated 12,824 tons daily throughout the year 191 1, 
and are prepared to handle 20,000 tons daily when run to their full capacity. Besides 
these, the Daly West and Silver King mines at Park City handle the concentrating ores 
of these great mines as well as other ores of the district. The Newhouse mill at New- 
house has a capacity of 5,000 tons daily. The Golden Gate, the Sacramento and the 
Boston-Sunshine plants at Mercur use the cyanide gold process exclusively. 

Salt Lake City is increasing in importance as an ore market every year. It leads in 
the handhng of pyritic ores, and the increase from 1,700,000 tons in 1904 to about 
7,000,000 tons in 191 1, is without a parallel in the history of ore reduction. 

MANUFACTURES 

Salt Lake City has built up a considerable manufacturing industry as a result of its 
position as a distributing center and its other natural advantages. This field offers 
great opportunities. 

Figures compiled by the secretary of the Manufacturers Association of Utah show 
there are 781 manufacturing plants in the state, fully one-half of which are in or near 
Salt Lake City. These factories produced in 191 1, goods valued at $66,432,000, gave 
employment to 14,629 persons and paid in wages $11,814,000. The cost of raw materials 
used was $43,911,000. These figures are exclusive of the smelting plants. 

The products of the state's factories range from mining machinery and structural 
steel to knitted fabrics and include sugar, salt, fire clay, portland cement, candy, choco- 
late, canned and pickled goods. Some of these products, on account of their fine quality, 
find markets far removed from home, Utah canned and Ijottled goods being in constant 
demand in many eastern cities. 

A list of factories that would be assured of success, with raw materials readily 



26 




SALT LAKE CITY THEATRES 

available, is given by Secretary D. F. Collett of the Manufacturers Association of Utah 
as follows: 

Steel roller mills — Vast iron and coal deposits near at hand. 

Woolen mills — Only one now in operation in the state; Utah's wool clip amounts to 
22,500,000 pounds annually. 

Glass factory— Mountains of silica, 98% pure, close in. 

Paper mills — Millions of cords of pulp woods; no mills. 

Graphite mills — Vast deposits, 90% pure; close in. 

Tanneries — Only one in the state. 

Shoe factories — Only one in the state; heavy and steady demand. 

Shoe blacking and stove polish — Raw materials in enormous quantity close at hand. 

Match factory — Constantly growing demand ; all raw materials here. 

Vitrified brick — Great deposits of siHca and other materials close in; steady demand. 

Opalescent brick — All raw materials close in; steady demand. 

Cement — Great deposits close at hand. 

Canneries (southern portion of state) — Much fruit going to waste. 

Pottery — Mountains of purest white and tinted kaolin close in. 

These are only a few of the openings for manufacturing plants, 

FINANCIAL OPERATIONS 

Salt Lake City is the only reserve city for banking institutions in the territory con- 
tributory to it. This, of itself, would constitute the city a financial center, but it de- 
serves the title for other good reasons. 

Most of the mining operations of the intermountain West are directed from Salt 
Lake City, as well as irrigation and other enterprises for which large amounts of capital 



27 




28 



SALT LAKE CITY HAS THE FINEST HOTELS IX THE MOUNTAIN REGION 




UNION STATION, OREGON SHORT LINE AND SALT LAKE ROUTE, SALT LAKE CITY 



are required. More than 3,000 large corporations have their center of operations here. 
From the sworn statements of companies having an annual income of $5,000 or more, 
these corporations had an income of $13,574,887 in 1911. The amount of the incomes 
of the smaller corporations would increase this materially. 

The city has twelve banking institutions, with an aggregate capital and surplus of 
about six and one-half millions of dollars, and two more banks are in process of organ- 
ization. The bank clearings in igii amounted to $330,425,000. 

The Salt Lake Mining Exchange fixes the value of mining stocks all over the inter- 
mountain country, including in this the greater portion of Idaho and Nevada. 

Insurance, life and fire, in force in Salt Lake City at the end of the year 1911, 
amounted to more than $100,000,000. Utah companies, with general offices in Salt 
Lake City, wrote more than $8,000,000 of this. It is estimated that two-thirds of all 
the business written in the territory centers in Salt Lake City. 



RAILROADS 

Salt Lake City has six great railroad lines, the Oregon Short Line, the Denver & 
Rio Grande, the Union Pacific, the Western Pacific, the Southern Pacific and the San 
Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake. It is the junction point for four of these lines. 

The Oregon Short Line connects the city with the north and northwest. It strikes 
the rich agricultural regions of Idaho and eastern Oregon and the mining camps of Idaho 
and Montana. It is the only line that enters the famous Yellowstone National Park 
from the south. 

The Denver & Rio Grande connects Salt Lake City with Colorado and the East ?nd 
taps the great coal belt and other mineral bearing zones of eastern Utah. It passes 
through a country unrivaled for scenic grandeur, as well as forming a line in one of the 
great transcontinental arteries of commerce. The Western Pacific completes this link 
to the Pacific Coast. It traverses a great region whose possibilities have scarcely been 
touched. It is built for miles in l^tah on a bed of solid salt, which covers an area nine 
miles by thirty miles, and has an average depth of ten feet. 

The San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake, "The Salt Lake Route," connects the 
city with southern California. It reaches the rich mineral and agricultural portions of 
southern Utah, southern Nevada and northern Arizona, besides being the outlet for one 
of the greatest wool-producing regions of the country. 

The Union Pacific, in connection with the Southern Pacific, was the first trans- 
continental line — the first to reach beyond the Missouri and actually cross the "backbone 
of the continent" to the Pacific. The Union Pacific connects Salt Lake City vnth 
Wyoming and the East and the Southern Pacific affords connection with the Pacific 



29 




VIEW OF OGDEN, UTAH S SECOND CITY 

Coast, traversing northern Utah and Nevada. The Southern Pacific crosses Great 
Salt Lake in Utah on a trestle, a unique and world famous piece of railroad engineering. 

Other lines of importance are projected for Salt Lake City, one of which, the Moffatt 
line, has already been built a considerable distance westward from Denver. This line, 
when completed, will open the great hydrocarbon fields of eastern Utah and an agri- 
cultural area constituting one-third of the state. 

The Salt Lake & Ogden railroad and the Ogden Rapid Transit systems give Salt 
Lake City connection by electric railway with Brigham City on the north and with 
intermediate points. Work has begun on another electric railway system to connect 
the city with the rich Utah valley on the south. Owing to the abundance of water power, 
electric transportation furnishes an attractive field for development and several addi- 
tional lines are under consideration. 

E. H. Harriman once expressed his conviction that Salt Lake City would become 
one of five great railroad and commercial centers of the United States. Present con- 
ditions and future expectation indicate that in this, as in many other instances, his 
judgment was good. 

THE STATE OF UTAH 

The state of Utah lies almost wholly within the great basin between the main range 
of the Rocky mountains on the east and the Sierra Nevada mountains on the west. 
It lies between meridians 109 and 114, west longitude, and between parallels 37 and 42 
north latitude, the parallels which embrace Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Virginia, 
Italy, Turkey and Korea. 

The state contains 54,380,544 acres, slightly more than one-fifth of which is covered 
with water. The average elevation of Utah is about two-thirds of a mile above sea 
level. The highest point is slightly more than 12,000 feet, while most of the valleys are 
less than 5,000 feet. All the valleys are fertile and suitable for agriculture in some form. 

The general topography of the state is mountainous. The mountains rise abruptly 
from the valleys and plateaus, resembling the Alps in this respect as well as in others. 
A chain of valleys passes through the state from north to south. This area was once the 
bed of a great inland sea of which Great Salt Lake is the remnant. The valleys are 
connected by deep canyons with smaller valleys branching out here and there where the 
Wasatch and Uintah mountains stand, or where the smaller detached ranges diversify 
the surface of the state. There are four major systems of drainage, the Green, the 
Colorado, the Jordan and the Bear. The first two empty into the Gulf of CaHfornia, 
and the last two into Great Salt Lake. There are many streams which follow the 



30 










> 




BATUING IN THE GREAT SALT LAKE IS A FAVORITE DIVERSION FOR RESIDENTS AND VISITORS 

canyons and lead to the main drainage systems and, as the average annual precipitation 
of the state is from 5 to 20 inches, varying with locality, the state may be said to be 
fairly well watered. Most of the precipitation falls in the form of snow. 

Owing to the varying altitude of the great valleys and to the fact that most of the 
mountains have a sunward slope, there is a variation of climate with attendant variation 
of agriculture from hardy grains and fruits to cotton and ligs. The soil is very fertile, 
almost all of it having been formed by the washing down of the mountains, the silt 
having been spread out over the valleys in depth varying from five to twenty feet and often 
much greater. The shore line of the ancient lake that once covered these valleys and 
plateaus may be traced for hundreds of miles on the mountain sides. The compara- 
tively slight rainfall of the summers has prevented the washing or leaching of the soils, 
which have thus retained their virgin fertility and are rich in the elements of plant food. 
Moisture is supplied through irrigation and scientific tillage. 

I'he mountain ranges of the state are among the most highly mineralized of the 
country and the state's resources are so varied, both in the vegetable and mineral king- 
doms, that were it separated from the rest of the world its people could produce and 
enjoy all the necessities and most of the luxuries of civilized life by utilizing only that 
which is produced within its borders. 

The lands of the state are in three general divisions — mineral, grazing and agri- 
cultural. These overlap in a measure. Of the agricultural lands, 1,400,000 acres are 
classed as improved land, with 1,150,000 acres actually under irrigation. The acreage 
of irrigable lands is placed at 8,000,000. About 14,000,000 acres are suitable for dry 
farming, with the possible exception of a few places where the annual rainfall is less 
than ten inches. 

IRRIGATION AND WATER POWER 

Utah is the birthplace of Anglo-Saxon irrigation on the American continent. When 
the pioneers came into the Salt Lake valley in 1847 they beheld an expanse of dry, un- 
yielding soil. Among the first works they commenced was the building of an irrigation 
canal and the sequel is a prosperous West. 

Utah has expended slightly more than $13,800,000 on irrigation projects. There 
are projects now under way on which almost $13,000,000 more will be expended. 

Chief among the recent projects in the state is the great Government work, known 
as the Strawberry project, on which almost $3,000,000 has been expended. It has been 
under construction since 1906 and will furnish water for the irrigation of 65,000 acres 
of mesa and bottom lands in the Utah valley south of Provo. The reservoir will im- 
pound 110,000 acre-feet of water, which will be conveyed through a tunnel 19,000 feet 



31 




ENTRANCE TO MINE, CASTLE VALLEY COAL COMPANY 



long extending through the 
Wasatch mountains under the 
rim of the Great Basin at a 
depth of 1,400 feet. 

Figures given by the state 
statistician show 1,150,000 acres 
of irrigated lands with projects 
under way which will increase 
the irrigated area to 2,000,000 
acres. 

The amount of irrigable 
lands in the state is practically 
limited only by the water 
supply. The Water Resource 
Division of the United States 
Geological Survey, which has 
twenty measuring stations on 
the principal streams of the 
state, says: 
"The total annual run off from the streams named is 10,879,700 acre-feet. Over 
10,000,000 acre-feet of this runs to waste annually. Assuming a duty of four acre-feet 
per acre of land, the waste water from the streams named would provide sufficient 
water to irrigate 2,500,000 acres. The average value of improved farms in Utah is 
$100 per acre. Therefore, if the waste waters of the state were utilized for reclamation 
of new lands, the property value of the state would be increased $250,000,000." 

Some idea of the latent energy contained in the water power sites of the state is 
conveyed by some figures given by the same authority — the United States Geological 
Survey. The present developed water power of the state is 50,624 brake horse-power. 
The possibilities are stated by E. C. LaRue of the Geological Survey, as follows: 

"By actual examination in Utah, the Geological Survey has discovered what appear 
to be sites with an aggregate possible development of 128,000 brake horse-power. These 
examinations cover only a small portion of the 
state. No doubt, 500,000 l)rake horse-power 
would be a conservative estimate of the un- 
developed water power of the state today." 

There is a constant and increasing demand 
for power and it finds a ready market. 

MINERAL RESOURCES 

Utah has become one of the great mining 
states, not only in production, which at pres- 
ent reaches beyond the half billion mark, but 
also in the known extent of its mineral terri- 
tory and the varied minerals it possesses. 
Almost every metal known is found in the 
state. Although the fact is not generally 
known, the ore from which M. and Mme. 
Curie extracted the first sample of radium 
came from the La Sal mountains in south- 
eastern Utah. 

The state leads the country in the pro- 
duction of silver-lead ores. Its iron deposits 
are the wonder of the world, one in Iron 
county having been estimated by an eminent 
authority to contain 400,000,000 tons of 




MINE OF INDEPENULM CUAL 6c COKE CO. 




'^- ,i^fi~^'i-yP'£-/- '"'-i'St , 



WESTERN PACIFIC TRAIN, CROSSING THE GREAT SALT BED IN TOOELE COUNTY 



magnetic and hematite ore — the greatest deposit yet discovered. The state's coal 
measures are so vast that they could supply the world for ages at the present rate of 
consumption and the state also contains almost all the other known hydrocarbons. 

The principal metal mining districts are Bingham, Park City, Tintic, Beaver, 
Mercur and Marysvale, but rich deposits of precious and semi-precious metals are known 
to exist all over the state and there are several other mining districts that are making 
history. Some of these, such as the Deep Creek district, are capable of supplying a 
great tonnage but the lack of transportation facilities has limited production. It is 
estimated that not more than twenty per cent of the known mineral territory of the state 
has been developed. 

The mining history of the state begins with the discovery of the first mine in 1863. 
The total bullion value from the metal mines of the state up to January i, 19 11, 
was $526,271,890 and dividends paid by these mines in that period amounted to 
$93>57o,368. 

The history of the development of copper mining in the state is interesting. From 
a production of 965,708 pounds of copper, valued at $76,563 in 1890, which was secured 
mostly as a by-product with other ores, the copper mining industry has grown until 
the production in 1911 reached 140,293,198 pounds, valued at $17,396,156. These 
ores were reduced by the great 
smelting plants in the state. 

Utah stands first in the pro- 
duction of silver, with $6,973,000 
out of a total production of $30,- 
854,500 in the United States in 
the year 1911. Montana was 
second, with Nevada, Colorado 
and Idaho following in order. 

The total mineral produc- 
tion of Utah in 1910 was $39,- 
233,716, of which the metal mines 
produced $33,028,909. The 
metal mine production in 1911 
was $34,845,812, an increase for 
the year of $1,816,903. It was 
a year marked by unusual de- 
velopment work at many of 
the principal properties. utah's wool output runs into the millions annually 




33 



wsmmmmmmmnBmmmsmmmmBmBmmifi 




Utah's wheat yield is 27.1 iushicls an acre, tukice-siaen riis crown on unirrigated land 

The deposits of coal are by far the greatest of the non-metalHc minerals. According 
to the studies of the Utah Conservation Commission, the coal area of the state is 13,130 
square miles, with 2,000 square miles more that may contain coal in paying quantities 
but which have not yet been sufficiently prospected to determine this question positively. 
The total tonnage is estimated at 19,645,800,000. The total tonnage mined up to 1909, 
the year of the report, was 28,000,000. 

The value and tonnage of the hydrocarbon deposits of Utah can only be estimated, 
but run well up in the millions. One group yielded 21,465 tons in 1910-1911. The 
hydrocarbons thus far discovered lie mostly in the Uintah basin and covei an area of 
17,000 square miles. Immense measures of asphaltum are found in hmestone and sand- 
stone formation in this region. Besides these deposits, the presence of petroleum in 
paying quantities has been determined. Several producing wells have been driven in 
the Virgin river district of southern Utah and oil has been discovered in paying quan- 
tities along the San Juan river in the extreme southeastern portion of the state. These 
deposits are at present remote from railroad communication and little beyond prospecting 
work has thus far been done. Enough has been determined, however, to prove that the 
state has possibilities as an oil producer. 

Graphite, phosphate, kaolin, fullers' earth and gypsum are found in great quantity 
in the state. SiUca, chemically pure, and all the building stones, including marble and 
onyx, are found in the state, most of them in immense quantity. 




A GLIMPSE OF LAGOON, A BEAUTIFUL SALT LAKE CITY RESORT 



34 



. BtElCtil HiltB eitupf 





UNION DEPOT, DENVER & RIO GRANDE AND WESTERN PACIFIC, SALT LAKE CITY 

FORESTS OF UTAH 

Utah's forest area is estimated by the United States Land OflEice at 7,808,000 acres, 
of which 95 per cent is within the National forests. This area contains 8,779,500,000 
feet of timber, according to the estimate of the Forester of District No. 4. 

The timber of the state is mostly in the canyons, on the mountain slopes and on the 
plateaus of the southern portion of the state. The principal species in the north are the 
Englemann spruce, the Douglas fir, the lodgepole pine and other species. In the south 
there are, besides the above, large areas of western yellow pine. In all the forests of 
the central and southern parts of the state are large tracts of quaking aspen, the amount 
of this timber in the state being estimated at 7,390,000 cords. This timber is well suited 
to the manufacture of wood pulp and, in connection with the Douglas fir which usually 
grows with it in about the right proportion, is excellent for the manufacture of paper. 
The Moffatt railroad, which will pass through or near the Uintah forest, will make 
available large forests of aspen and should add the wood pulp industry to those already 
in the state. 

Many excellent mill and water power sites are near this timber wealth in the state. 
Timber on the National forests is for sale and may be bought in large or small amounts. 

Rapid development of the state will doubtless make a heavy draft on the timber in it, 
but with the careful supervision given by the Government, the forests should be equal to 
the drain and be renewed and protected sufficiently to last indefinitely. 




SUGAR BEETS. THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IS HIGHLY DEVELOPED IN THE STATE 



35 




AGRICULTURAL COLLEGii ADMINISTRATION BUILDING, LOG AM 



The Forest Service planted 
in the state about 2,000,000 
trees, grown in local nurseries, 
in 191 1. Besides these, a con- 
siderable area was reforested by 
sowing seeds on denuded areas. 

No agricultural portion of 
the state is far removed from a 
timber supply and all the mines 
are located in the mountains 
where timber is to be found. 

The establishment of trans- 
portation between the forests 
and the markets will make the 
lumber industry one of import- 
ance in the state. The dura- 
bility of Utah timber is well 
shown by the fact that buildings 



constructed in the early pioneer days of native timber, chielly spruce (known locally as 
white pine), Douglas fir and red fir, are still standing and are apparently as sound 
today as Avhen they were built fifty years or more ago. The advent of the railroads 
brought better finished lumber, but not better material, to the local markets. 

The great lumber companies, in their haste to acquire northern and Coast timber 
lands, passed by Utah and its timber wealth. This was not altogether a misfortune, as, 
with the other timber lands being thinned out and lumber advancing in price, Utah is 
left with valuable and practically untouched timber resources uncontrolled by the large 
interests and excellently protected by the" National Government. 



UTAH'S CLIMATE 

One of Utah's greatest assets is its cHmate. Ranging from the semi-tropical to 
the temperate, and even to the semi-frigid, according to location and elevation, it offers 
to the dweller from almost any quarter of 
the globe the climate to which he has been 
accustomed, with the added advantage of meet- 
ing less variability of temperature than in his 
former home. And it is also able to offer him 
a change if he desire it. 

There is here a march of the seasons, 
adding vigor to mind and body, unknown 
outside the mountain stretches. And Utah 
has conditions to offer that are not met in 
other mountain states. A weather expert puts 
it thus: 

"On the shores of Great Salt Lake, and for 
over fifty miles around, the climate of climates 
is found. Here the air of the mountains and 
of the ocean is found by the happy dweller. 
The breezes come down from the encircling 
peaks and are salted by the inland sea." 

The altitude of the state has the effect of 
lessening the air pressure, allowing more of the 
sun's rays to reach the earth's surface than at 
sea level. This aids evaporation, itself a 
cooling process, and, although Utah's days are 
the same length as those of Illinois and Italy, executivk building, l. d. s. church 




36 




SOME OF UTAH S GREAT MINE AND SMELTER PLANTS 

the summers are appreciably cooler. The winters of Utah are more like those of 
Italy than like those of Illinois, on account of fewer and less violent storms, such as 
follow the crests of high pressure common in the middle states. The high and more or 
less constant winds that prove annoying in other mountain states are absent from Utah. 

Although the absolute maximum temperatures show no higher values than in the 
middle states, month for month, the mean minimum temperatures show much lower 
summer and higher winter minimum than there. It is in the absolute minimum tem- 
peratures that the widest difference is shown, comparing Utah with the middle states. 
Utah's winter lowest is fully twenty degrees higher than Omaha and other Missouri 
river points. 

It is in the low average daily variability that Utah's climate excels. There is no 
succession of days in Utah when this variability of temperature averages five degrees, 
while in the middle states the daily variability averages between six and nine degrees. 

The "hot nights," so distressing in many other regions, are almost unknown in 
Utah and one "sleeps under the covers" practically the entire year. 

The length of the growing season in Utah as compared with other portions of the 
country will be of interest to the agriculturalist. According to the records of the United 
States Weather Bureau, the growing season at Salt Lake City begins two weeks earher 
than at Chicago, five weeks earlier than at Duluth, more than one week earlier than at 
Omaha and closes almost the same length of time later, the dates being Salt Lake City 
Nov. 7; Omaha, Nov. 3; Chicago, Nov. 4; and Duluth, Oct. 20. 

Utah has a higher average of "sunshiny days" than almost any other portion of the 
country. The average annual percentage of bright and cloudless days in Utah is 62, 
as against 54 for Minnesota, 56 for Ohio and 60 for Missouri. 

Although what is known as "sensible temperature" is made up of many meteoro- 
logical influences, it is probable that the relative humidity of the atmosphere affects it 



37 




UTAH FARMERS BELIEVE IN BLOODED STOCK. HERE ARE SOME OE THE STATE S GOOD HORSES 



most. In a "warm spell," of August, 1896, still well remembered locally because "warm 
spells" are so infrequent in Utah, the temperature at Salt Lake City and New York City 
was the same — 96 degrees Fahrenheit. There were 648 deaths from heat prostration in 
New York City and 214 at Brooklyn in this period, but none at Salt Lake City. The 
reason was that only about 25 per cent of the possil)le moisture held in the air at sea level 
is held in the air in Utah, at the same temperature. There is no record of a death from 
heat prostration, in Utah. 

Dr. T. B. Beatty, secretary of the State Board of Health of Utah, sums up the 
healthfulness of Utah's climate thus: 

"The Utah climate unites in a peculiar degree the elements recognized as forming 
an environment most suitaljle for healthfulness. These include high maximum sun- 
shiny days, low relative humidity and moderate temperature extremes, added to which 
there is abundance of pure water from the mountains. 

"The usual stimulating effects of a 
mountain climate are found in combination 
with a diversity of altitude and temperature in 
dififerent portions of the state that adapts them 
to the particular needs of almost all of the 
chronic diseases." 

It should be noted that the climate of 
Utah ranges from the semi-tropical of the 
southern counties, which possess ideal condi- 
tions for winter residence for invalids, to the 
temperate climate of the northern portions, 
offering diversity and excellence truly unique. 
The best evidence of its excellence is 
found in the general health of its people, 
particularly the native born and their descend- 
ants.. The diseases that claim the greatest toll 
among infants and adults in other places are 
unknown among these people. 

SCENIC UTAH 

Utah has much to offer the tourist, the 

nature lover and the sportsman. There is 

an awe inspiring grandeur in the main 

UPPER FALLS, PRovo cANvow rauges of the Rocky mountains and the Sierra 




38 




SOUTHERN PACIFIC TRAIN ON TRESTLE ACROSS THE GREAT SALT LAKE 



Nevada mountains. There is a grandeur of another type in the Wasatch, Uintah and 
other ranges in Utah. They have an abruptness to be found elsewhere only in the Alps. 
Without the usual accompaniment of foothills, they rise sheer from broad valleys where 
the eye may catch and sense at once their majesty and beauty. 

Travelers have called Utah the Switzerland of America, but Utah has what Switzer- 
land has not. Switzerland has its Engadine. Utah has its Utah valley, with mighty 
Mount Timpanagos, reflected in as fair a lake as Leman, with living glaciers like those 
of Mont Blanc. Utah has its Mount Nebo, the last westward sentinel of the Rockies, 
to place against the Matterhorn. It has upland lakes that for wild beauty are without 
equal. Towering peaks, whose granite shoulders project through perpetual snow, rise 
above the soft greenery and rich coloring of the mountain slopes below. 

All these Switzerland has in greater or less measure. But Switzerland has not the 
enchanted land of southern Utah, where the erosion of the ages has carved from the 
sandstone a scenic wonderland the like of 
which does not exist elsewhere on the earth. 
Nor has it the silent and deserted homes of 
the ancient Cliff Dwellers, perched on the 
sides of precipices, from whose picture writings 
no living man has yet been able to learn the 
history of a race so long dead that tradition 
has forgotten it. Nor has Switzerland the 
immense natural bridges or the wonderful 
sweeps of desert, where nothing seems real; 
or the great lake, deserving of fame for its 
beauty not less than for the nature of its 
water, 

Switzerland's story has been told, through 
many ages and in many tongues; Utah's story 
is just beginning. 

When you leave the mountains of Switzer- 
land, you leave Switzerland. When you leave 
the mountains of Utah you still have an 
empire to visit and enjoy without leaving Utah. 
You pass over great plains and mesas, view 
thousands of beautiful fields and orchards, see 
immense herds of cattle, horses and sheep, 
travel beside rivers and cross the great lake ^^ ^ ^.^^jj apple orchard 




39 




Utah's scenic wonders include natural bridges unequaled in size. 



40 




OATS ARE A MOST PROFITABLE CROP IN UTAh'S FERTILE VALLEYS 

itself on a railroad train. And above you all the time, you have such a sky as may be 
found in only a few places in the wide world. 

If you be a sportsman, trout await your fly in a thousand brooks, which are kept 
well stocked by the state's lish hatcheries. In the mountains you will find deer and 
antelope and, higher up, mountain sheep and goat. If you desire excitement more than 
these can furnish, you will find wolf, bear and mountain lion. Quail, grouse and sage- 
hen abound everywhere in Utah and all species of waterfowl are abundant, especially 
in the marshes along the northern shores of the great lake and along the streams that 
flow into it. The duck shooting around Great Salt Lake is said to be unequalcd in 
the country. Many eastern sportsmen are sufficiently convinced of this to come to Utah 
each year from the Atlantic seaboard to enjoy the fail shooting. The fish and game of 
the state are well protected by law and are increasing in number through the intelligent 
methods of protection and propagation employed. 

OPPORTUNITIES IN STATE 

For the man who has grown weary of the cramped conditions of life in the more 
populous parts of the country and who longs for the independence the soil only can give, 
Utah holds exceptional opportunities. He can find within the borders of the state, just 
the climate that meets his idea of what climate should be and can produce from the soil 
just the class of crops he desires. Here a small acreage will easily support a family. 




THOUSANDS OF CATTLE GROW FAT ON THE RANGE GRASSES IN UTAH 



41 




STEAM PLOWING ON A BIG DRY FARM 



Should the homeseeker wish 
to turn to horticulture, he will 
find thousands of acres of as fine 
fruit lands as can be found be- 
tween the seas waiting for him, 
which he can buy for a small 
payment down with long time 
in which to complete the pur- 
chase. Unimproved lands with 
perpetual water rights may be 
secured close to railroad trans- 
portation for from $40 to $ioc 
an acre. These lands, if planted 
to fruit trees, will have a market 
value of from $500 to $2000 an 
acre in five years and will return 
a yearly income of half their 
value. Planted to other crops, 
the lands will yield a livelihood 
while the fruit trees are maturing. There is always a market for the best classes of 
fruit and Utah produces the best. Here is what Charles Brooks, pathologist of the 
Bureau of Plant Industry of the Government, said Sept. 27, 1912, of Utah peaches — 
and peaches are only one of many fine fruits produced in Utah: 

"The best class of peaches marketed from the New England orchards would hardly 
compare with the poorest shipped from this state. While at Tremonton yesterday I saw- 
peaches packed and shipped as second class fruit, and some that were considered doubt- 
ful even for this class, that would be looked upon as remarkable specimens if placed 
immediately on the Boston market." 

This comment is typical of what other experts have said of Utah fruits, and what is 
said of fruits may also be said of the other products of Utah's soil. Utah's products are 
frequently complimented by being labeled as coming from some other region that has been 
better advertised. This is a compliment which w^ill be difficult to return, because when 
Utah's products achieve the wider fame that will inevitably be theirs when they become 
better known, the fact of superior Utah quality will make it hard to give the name "Utah" 
to the products of other places and convince the consumer that the label is truthful. 

If the homeseeker desires to turn his attention to general farming or stock raising, 
there are lands waiting for him near vast public ranges, which can be bought much 
more cheaply than the fruit 
lands and which will produce 
all the ordinary food plants, 
as well as the grasses and grains 
of the north temperate zone. 
There are new towns 
springing up all over the newer 
irrigated tracts, besides the 
older communities, in which are 
many business opportunities. 
The prospective manufac- 
turer will find that a small 
capital invested where most, or 
all, of the raw materials are found 
close at hand, will have unusual 
opportunities. Larger capital 
will have equal opportunity, in 
mining, agriculture, merchan- 
dizing or manufacturing. coke ovens, utah ruEL companv, slnxvside 




42 




UTAH STRAWBERRIES ARE UNEXCELLED FOR SIZE AND FLAVOR. THE YIELD IS ABUNDANT 

Utah is eminently "sane" industrially and there is no place in the country where 
capital and labor work together more harmoniously or to better mutual advantage, and 
there is no field that is overcrowded. 

* * * 

The story of Salt Lake City and its surroundings has here been told imperfectly 
and incompletely. The thought has been to give to those who have not visited the region 
some idea of its resources and attractions in the hope that they will be induced to in- 
vestigate it personally, which is the best way to learn about it. 

This investigation is invited in the confident behef that the more the country is 
investigated the more it will prosper. 

The wage-earner, the young man without capital but with an ambition to have a 
home and a competence, can find here his opportunity to "grow up with the country." 
The man with moderate means will find his chance to expand. The man of large means 
can place his capital here and have it protected while it earns for him more than it will 
earn elsewhere. The home seeker, the health seeker, the pleasure seeker, all will find 
here what they desire. 

And all good people will be welcomed. Utah is a good, progressive, patriotic 
American commonwealth, whose people of all classes have a proper respect for law and 
morals. They are good citizens and good neighbors, industrious, intelligent and hospi- 
table. They believe in churches, schools, books, newspapers, music, pictures and all 
healthy amusements. They are in favor of more people, more railroads, more mines, 
more mills, more farms, more towns and all that goes with them; and they will help 
those who bring these things. They have built a great state and have faith in it; and 
they desire to have others know about it and become a part of it. 

Utah is not Utopia — at least, not yet. It will not shower blessings and prosperity 
without effort on the part of the one who seeks them. He who comes to Utah to make 
his home and seek his fortune must come prepared to earn what he hopes to receive. 
He must dig in the hills, till the soil, work with his hands or with his head or he will fail 
here, just as he would fail elsewhere. But if he come to Utah prepared to give to his 
caUing intelUgent application and effort, his reward is sure. 

Utah does not ask you to send your capital here to lose it. It invites you to send 
your capital here to increase it; to bring your family here and live among us; or, if you 
can do neither, to come and visit us anyway to enjoy for a time what we enjoy all the 
time. 



43 




A 



RYE, MILLARD COUNTY, ONE OF UTAh'S STAPLE GRAIN CROPS 



p p e n 



1 X 




|HEliE are three ways of securing homestead land in Utah and each plan 
has distinct advantages adapted to the needs of the individual. We give 
herewith the substance of the laws with reference to the acquirement of 
homestead land and the securing of title from the Government. 



RESIDENCE LAND 

Under the Enlarged Homestead Act or "Smoot Act," you may, by appearing 
personally before the Receiver of the Land Office in Salt Lake City or before the officer 
in charge of the land office in the county in which you wish to locate, file on not more 
than 320 acres of arid land that has been designated by the Government as home- 
stead land. If you are able to judge for yourself as to the value of the soil and the lay 
of the land, the only cost will be the filing fees which will amount to about $22.00. But 
if you know nothing of soil or location, it would be better for you to engage the services 
of a land locator to show you the best locations or you may secure for a small cost 
township plats showing the land open for entry in any portion of the State. Locator's 
fees range from $50.00 to $125.00 according to the size of the entry and the time taken 
to secure the land. After the land has been located and the filing made with the Govern- 
ment you must take up residence on it within six months. In three years' time you 
may secure title to the land, providing you cultivated one-sixteenth of the total entry 
during the second year and one-eighth during the third year and until proof. By 
cultivation is meant the plowing and seeding of the land to some crop other than native 
grasses. Residence is required five continuous months each year. 




HARVESTING OATS ON IE"JCATED LAND, RICH COUNTY 




CEMENT PLANT IN BOX ELDER COUNTY 



NON-RESIDENCE LAND 

The locating and filing are 
done in the same way as on 
residence land with the excep- 
tion of "the taking up of resi- 
dence " clause. Instead of taking 
up residence you are required to 
have one-eighth of the total 
entry cultivated during the 
second year, one-fourth during 
the third year and this one- 
fourth must be kept in cultiva- 
tion until the end of the fifth 
year or until proof is made, 
when title may be secured, 
pro\'iding you have personally 
supervised the cultivation. 
There have been no titles 
issued under the new law and it is impossible to cite instances of proof to show 
how often the farm should be visited by the owner but the intent of the law is 
that the owner show good faith ; so if he is able to show that he visited the farm at regular 
intervals and took upon himself the responsibility of the operations there should be no 
trouble in securing title. 

The cost of improving a dry farm depends somewhat on its location but to prepare 
the ground for seed will cost from $6.00 to $8.00 per acre. The seed will cost about 60 
cents per acre. If twenty acres have been cultivated the investment will be about 
$250.00 including the living expenses. The harvest should be at least twenty bushels 
of wheat or oats to the acre and 400 bushels at 75 cents would give you a good start on 
the second year's work. 

If the entry consists of 320 acres, one-eighth or forty acres must be cultivated the 
second year. Twenty acres of this amount have already been cultivated and the 
second year's crop on it should exceed the first year's crop by a good margin while 
from the cost of production can be omitted the expense of clearing the land of brush. 
The two foregoing plans apply to the acquirement of land under the Enlarged 
Homestead Act of February 19, 1909. The third plan applies to the old Homestead 
Act which has been in force for a number of years and which was modified by the act 
of June 6, 191 2, Under the provisions of this act it is possible to acquire 160 acres 
of vacant Government land and 
by residing upon it for a period 
of three years and showing the 
necessary amount of cultiva- 
tion, which consists of one 
sixteenth of the entry beginning 
with the second year, and one 
eighth beginning with the third 
year and until proof, title may 
be secured. 

WHAT IS DRY FARMING? 

Briefly, "dry farming" or 
"arid farming" is that phase of 
agriculture in which crops are 
raised in localities which, until 
recent years, were regarded 
as having insufficient rainfall, 
and where irrigation is either one of utah's beet sugar factories, logan 




45 




impossible or entirely impractical. The 
main secret of dry farming lies in the 
ability of the agriculturist to till, fallow 
and mulch his land so that the precipita- 
tion for the entire year is retained in the 
soil instead of being allowed to evapo- 
rate. Added to this is the necessity for 
selecting hardy varieties of grains which 
will burrow deep enough in the soil to 
utilize this stored moisture. 

Wheat is at present the principal 
crop on the arid farms of Utah, although 
oats, barley, rye, corn, potatoes, alfalfa, 
brome grass, emmer and other cereals 
are successfully grown. Reports on 
100,000 acres of dry farm land in Cache 
valley show an average yield of 30 
bushels of wheat to the acre, the highest 
being 62^ bushels. 

For several years past Utah has 
stood second in the United States in the 
production of the largest number of 
bushels of wheat per acre. 

Average bushels of wheat produced 
per acre for ten years: 

Colorado 24 . 53 

Utah 24. 16 

Idaho 23 . 84 

Washington 23 . 29 

Nebraska 16 . 63 

Kansas . 13.55 

Minnesota 1 2 . 66 

South Dakota 11 . 72 

According to the United States 
Government statistics for five years as 
compared with all other states in the 
Union, Utah's average production per 
acre stands as follows: 

AS COMPARED AVERAGE 
PRODUCT WITH ALL PRODUCTION 
OTHER STATES PER ACRE 

Wheat Second ....27.1 bu. 

Oats Second .... 43 . i " 

Barley First 40. 7 " 

Hay, Alfalfa .... Second .... 3.8 tons 

Alfalfa Seed .... First 340 lbs. 

Sugar Beets .... First 12 . 81 tons 

Potatoes Second. ... 160 bu. 

These figures are most interesting 
when we consider that three-sevenths of 
Utah's wheat crop is raised on dry 
farms, without irrigation, and that the 
five-year average shows a production 
double the ten-year average of the great 
wheat producing state of Kansas. 



46 




HORSES ON ONE OF THE GREAT UPLAND RANGES OF UTAH 

Many individual yields are recorded of from fifty to sixty bushels, but a state 
average of 27.10 bushels is incontrovertible evidence of the wonderful fertility of the 
soil and advanced knowledge in the science of cultivation. 

By intelligent effort, coupled with industrious application, no one need fail to sur- 
pass the general average. 

From the experience of Utah farmers it is apparent that the time of seeding will 
vary in this state according to the locality, but experience shows that generally seeding 
during September and October has given the most satisfactory results. 

The problem of successful dry farming concerns itself with the best method of 
conserving moisture. The principles of dry farming are simply those of successful 
conservation of soil moisture. Dry farming can only be successfully practiced, where 
the evaporation is so great as it is in this state, where there is an average precipitation 
of at least 10 inches, and where proper methods are observed. This does not mean 
that this precipitation, or any considerable part of it, must occur during the spring 
months necessarily, but there must be at least that much rainfall during the entire 




ONE YEAR S CHANGE 
Land of the Jewish Agricultural & Colonial Association at Clarion, Sanpete county, showing the site before irrigation and the 
first harvest on the same land. This colony was brought to Utah through the efforts of the Commercial Club Publicity Bureau 

47 



We Have Great Faith in Utah and 
the Intermountain Country 

With their vast treasuries of wealth in mining, manufacturing, 
agriculture, horticulture, stock-raising, etc. 

We know that Utah and the Intermountain West are only 
beginning to come into their own. 

We know that the population of this territory will increase in 
the coming years, far beyond the present average public belief. 

We know there are opportunities innumerable in this section, 
for the newcomer, in all lines of endeavor. 

We know that we have here a climatic and scenic wealth second 
to none. 

We know that in our territory we have the finest hunting, fish- 
ing and camping haunts in the land. 

And so, because of our faith, the Oregon Short Line — Union 
Pacific Railroads will continue to lend every effort in preaching 
the gospel of "The Great West," for 

The West Needs More People- 
More People Need To Come West 

We invite you to come west with the knowledge that the Union 
Pacific — Oregon Short Line Railroads do and ever will provide the 
best possible service in every branch of operation, backed by 
courteous attention of employes and the eternal protection of 
automatic electric block signals. 

Gerrit Fort, D. E. Burley, 
Pass. Traf. Mgr., Gen. Pass. Agt., 

U. P.— O. S. L. R. R. Lines, O. S. L. R. R. Co., 

Omaha, Neb. Salt Lake City, Utah 



48 




LAKE MARY IN THE WASATCH RANGE 






LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



017 060 388 6 



1 



